Slovakia - Company Types
Legal forms of business activities in the Slovak Republic are regulated by the Commercial Code No. 513/1991 of Coll. as amended and set out in the Second Part, Commercial Companies and Cooperative: a public commercial partnership, limited commercial partnership, limited liability company and joint stock company (verejná obchodná spolocnost, komanditná spolocnost, spolocnost s rucením obmedzeným a akciová spolocnost).
Natural person with residential address or legal person with seat out of the territory of the Slovak Republic hereinafter referred to as foreign person may, pursue the trade in the territory of the Slovak Republic under the same terms and conditions and within the same scope as Slovak persons, unless this Act or other special regulations stipulate otherwise. For the purpose of this Act, a natural person with residential address or a legal person with seat within the territory of the Slovak Republic shall be deemed as Slovak person.
Legal forms are:
- Public Unlimited (general) Commercial Partnership.
- Limited Liability Company.
- Joint stock company.
Limited Liability Company - spolocnost s rucením obmedzeným, spol. s.r.o. - s.r.o.
A limited liability company is the most common type of business. A limited liability company is a company where the basic capital includes the predetermined investments of the partners. The company can be established by one natural person or by one legal entity whether domestic or foreign. The company can consist of no more than 50 partners. The company guarantee against the breach of obligations is its entire property. Partners guarantee the liabilities of the company with the amount of their unpaid investments, which are recorded in the Companies Register. The value of the basic capital of the company must be at least 200,000 SKK. The minimum investment is 30,000 SKK per partner. The investment can also be non-monetary or in-kind contribution.
Joint-stock Company - akciová spolocnost, akc. spol. - a.s.
A joint-stock company is a company where the basic capital is divided into a specific number of shares with a designated nominal value. The company guarantee against the breach of its obligations is its entire property. Shareholders are not liable for the obligations of the company. The shareholder has the right to receive his share of profit (dividend) resulting from the economic results of the company. The basic capital of the company is at least 1 million SKK. The statutory body of the company is the board of directors, which is elected by a General Meeting. The board of directors can also be nominated by a supervisory board depending on the company's internal statutes.